Implementing Regulations of the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China

(Promulgated by Decree No. 306 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on June 15, 2001, and effective as of July 1, 2001)

(Translated by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council of the People's Republic of China. In case of discrepancy, the original version shall prevail.)

Chapter I  General Provisions

Rule 1. These Implementing Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Patent Law).

Rule 2 "Invention" in the Patent Law means any new technical solution relating to a product, a process or improvement thereof.
      "Utility model" in the Patent Law means any new technical solution relating to the shape, the structure, or their combination, of a product, which is fit for practical use.
      "Design" in the Patent Law means any new design of the shape, the pattern or their combination, or the combination of the color with shape or pattern, of a product, which creates an aesthetic feeling and is fit for industrial application.

Rule 3 Any formalities prescribed by the Patent Law and these Implementing Regulations shall be complied with in a written form or in any other form prescribed by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council.

Rule 4  Any document submitted in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Law and these Implementing Regulations shall be in Chinese; the standard scientific and technical terms shall be used if there is a prescribed one set forth by the State; where no generally accepted translation in Chinese can be found for a foreign name or scientific or technical term, the one in the original language shall be also indicated.
      Where any certificate or certifying document submitted in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Law and these Implementing Regulations is in a foreign language, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council may, when it deems necessary, request a Chinese translation of the certificate or the certifying document be submitted within a specified time limit; where the translation is not submitted within the specified time limit, the certificate or certifying document shall be deemed not to have been submitted.

Rule 5  Where any document is sent by mail to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council, the date of mailing indicated by the postmark on the envelope shall be deemed to be the date of filing; where the date of mailing indicated by the postmark on the envelope is illegible, the date on which the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   receives the document shall be the date of filing, except where the date of mailing is proved by the party concerned.
      Any document of the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   may be served by mail, by personal delivery or by other forms. Where any party concerned appoints a patent agency, the document shall be sent to the patent agency; where no patent agency is appointed, the document shall be sent to the liaison person named in the request.
      Where any document is sent by mail by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , the 16th day from the date of mailing shall be presumed to be the date on which the party concerned receives the document.
      Where any document is delivered personally in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , the date of delivery is the date on which the party concerned receives the document.
      Where the address of any document is not clear and it cannot be sent by mail, the document may be served by making an announcement. At the expiration of one month from the date of the announcement, the document shall be deemed to be served.

Rule 6 The first day of any time limit prescribed in the Patent Law and these Implementing Regulations shall not be counted in the time limit. Where the time limit is counted by year or by month, it shall expire on the corresponding day of the last month; if there is no corresponding day in that month, the time limit shall expire on the last day of that month; if a time limit expires on an official holiday, it shall expire on the first working day following that official holiday.

Rule 7 Where a time limit prescribed in the Patent Law or these Implementing Regulations or specified by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   is not observed by a party concerned because of force majeure, resulting in loss of his or its rights, he or it may, within two months from the date on which the impediment is removed, at the latest within two years immediately following the expiration of that time limit, state the reasons, together with relevant supporting documents, and request the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   to restore his or its rights.
      Where a time limit prescribed in the Patent Law or these Implementing Regulations or specified by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   is not observed by a party concerned because of any justified reason, resulting in loss of his or its rights, he or it may, within two months from the date of receipt of a notification from the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , state the reasons and request the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   to restore his or its rights.
      Where the party concerned makes a request for an extension of a time limit specified by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , he or it shall, before the time limit expires, state the reasons to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   and go through the relevant formalities.
      The provisions of paragraphs one and two of this Rule shall not be applicable to the time limit referred to in Articles 24, 29, 42 and 62 of the Patent Law.

Rule 8 Where an application for a patent for invention relates to the secrets of the State concerning national defense and requires to be kept secret, the application for patent shall be filed with the patent department of national defense. Where any application for patent for invention relating to the secrets of the State concerning national defense and requiring to be kept secret is received by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , the application shall be forwarded to the patent department of national defense for examination, and the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall make a decision on the basis of the observations of the examination made by the patent department of national defense.
     Subject  to the preceding paragraph, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall, after receipt of an application for patent for invention which is required to be examined for the purpose of security, send it to the relevant competent department under the State Council for examination. The relevant competent department shall, within four months from the date of receipt of the application, notify the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   of the results of the examination. Where the invention for which a patent is applied for is required to be kept secret, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall handle it as an application for secret patent and notify the applicant accordingly.

Rule 9 Any invention-creation that is contrary to the laws of the State referred to in Article 5 of the Patent Law shall not include the invention-creation merely because the exploitation of which is prohibited by the laws of the State.

Rule 10  The date of filing referred to in the Patent Law, except for those referred to in Articles 28 and 42, means the priority date where  priority is claimed.
      The date of filing referred to in these Implementing Regulations, except as otherwise prescribed, means the date of filing prescribed in Article 28 of the Patent Law.

Rule l1  "A service invention-creation made by a person in execution of the tasks of the entity to which he belongs" referred to in Article 6 of the Patent Law means any invention-creation made:
      (1) in the course of performing his own duty;
      (2) in execution of any task, other than his own duty, which was entrusted to him by the entity to which he belongs;
      (3) within one year from his resignation, retirement or change of work, where the invention-creation relates to his own duty or the other task entrusted to him by the entity to which he previously belonged.
      "The entity to which he belongs" referred to in Article 6 of the Patent Law includes the entity in which the person concerned is a temporary staff member. "Material and technical means of the entity" referred to in Article 6 of the Patent Law mean the entity's money, equipment, spare parts, raw materials or technical materials which are not disclosed to the public.

Rule 12  "Inventor" or "creator" referred to in the Patent Law means any person who makes creative contributions to the substantive features of an invention-creation. Any person who, during the course of accomplishing the invention-creation, is responsible only for organizational work, or who offers facilities for making use of material and technical means, or who takes part in other auxiliary functions, shall not be considered as inventor or creator.

Rule l3 For any identical invention-creation, only one patent right shall be granted.
      Two or more applicants who respectively file, on the same day, applications for patent for the identical invention-creation, as provided for in Article 9 of the Patent Law, shall, after receipt of a notification from the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , hold consultations among themselves to decide the person or persons who shall be entitled to file the application.

Rule 14 Any assignment of the right to apply for a patent or of the patent right, by a Chinese entity or individual, to a foreigner shall be approved by the competent department for foreign trade and economic affairs of the State Council in conjunction with the science and technology administration department of the State Council.

Rule 15 Except for the assignment of the patent right in accordance with Article 10 of the Patent Law, where the patent right is transferred because of any other reason, the person or persons concerned shall, accompanied by relevant certified documents or legal papers, request the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   to make a registration of change in the owner of the patent right.
      Any license contract for exploitation of the patent which has been concluded by the patentee with an entity or individual shall, within three months from the date of entry into force of the contract, be submitted to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   for the record.

Chapter II Application for Patent

Rule l6 Anyone who applies for a patent in written form shall file with the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   application documents in two copies.
      Anyone who applies for a patent in other forms as provided by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall comply with the relevant provisions.
      Any applicant who appoints a patent agency for applying for a patent, or for having other patent matters to attend to before the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , shall submit at the same time a power of attorney indicating the scope of the power entrusted.
      Where there are two or more applicants and no patent agency is appointed, unless otherwise stated in the request, the applicant named first in the request shall be the representative.

Rule l7 "Other related matters" in the request referred to in Article 26, paragraph two of the Patent Law means:
      (1) the nationality of the applicant;
      (2) where the applicant is an enterprise or other organization, the name of the country in which the applicant has the principal business office;
      (3) where the applicant has appointed a patent agency, the relevant matters which shall be indicated; where no patent agency is appointed, the name, address, postcode and telephone number of the liaison person;
      (4) where the priority of an earlier application is claimed, the relevant matters which shall be indicated;
      (5) the signature or seal of the applicant or the patent agency;
      (6) a list of the documents constituting the application;
      (7) a list of the documents appending the application; and
      (8) any other related matter which needs to be indicated.

Rule l8 The description of an application for a patent for invention or utility model shall state the title of the invention or utility model, which shall be the same as it appears in the request. The description shall include the following:
      (1) technical field: specifying the technical field to which the technical solution for which protection is sought pertains;
      (2) background art: indicating the background art which can be regarded as useful for the understanding, searching and examination of the invention or utility model, and when possible, citing the documents reflecting such art;
      (3) contents of the invention: disclosing the technical problem the invention or utility model aims to settle and the technical solution adopted to resolve the problem; and stating, with reference to the prior art, the advantageous effects of the invention or utility model;
      (4) description of figures: briefly describing each figure in the drawings, if any;
      (5) mode of carrying out the invention or utility model: describing in detail the optimally selected mode contemplated by the applicant for carrying out the invention or utility model; where appropriate, this shall be done in terms of examples, and with reference to the drawings, if any;
      The manner and order referred to in the preceding paragraph shall be followed by the applicant for a patent for invention or for utility model, and each of the parts shall be preceded by a heading, unless, because of the nature of the invention or utility model, a different manner or order would result in a better understanding and a more economical presentation.
      The description of the invention or utility model shall use standard terms and be in clear wording, and shall not contain such references to the claims as: "as described in claim ?­", nor shall it contain commercial advertising.
      Where an application for a patent for invention contains disclosure of one or more nucleotide and/or amino acid sequences, the description shall contain a sequence listing in compliance with the standard prescribed by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  . The sequence listing shall be submitted as a separate part of the description, and a copy of the said sequence listing in machine-readable form shall also be submitted in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  .

Rule l9 The same sheet of drawings may contain several figures of the invention or utility model, and the figures shall be numbered and arranged in numerical order consecutively as "Figure l, Figure 2, ?­".
      The scale and the distinctness of the drawings shall be as such that a reproduction with a linear reduction in size to two-thirds would still enable all details to be clearly distinguished.
      Reference signs not mentioned in the text of the description of the invention or utility model shall not appear in the drawings. Reference signs not mentioned in the drawings shall not appear in the text of the description. Reference signs for the same composite part shall be used consistently throughout the application document.
      The drawings shall not contain any other explanatory notes, except words which are indispensable.

Rule 20 The claims shall define clearly and concisely the matter for which protection is sought in terms of the technical features of the invention or utility model.
      If there are several claims, they shall be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals.
      The technical terminology used in the claims shall be consistent with that used in the description. The claims may contain chemical or mathematical formulae but no drawings. They shall not, except where absolutely necessary, contain such references to the description or drawings as: "as described in part ?­of the description", or "as illustrated in Figure ?­of the drawings".
      The technical features mentioned in the claims may, in order to facilitate quicker understanding of the claim, make reference to the corresponding reference signs in the drawings of the description. Such reference signs shall follow the corresponding technical features and be placed in parentheses. They shall not be construed as limiting the claims.

Rule 2l The claims shall have an independent claim, and may also contain dependent claims.
      The independent claim shall outline the technical solution of an invention or utility model and state the essential technical features necessary for the solution of its technical problem.
      The dependent claim shall, by additional technical features, further define the claim which it refers to.

Rule 22 An independent claim of an invention or utility model shall contain a preamble portion and a characterizing portion, and be presented in the following form:
      (1) a preamble portion: indicating the title of the claimed subject matter of the technical solution of the invention or utility model, and those technical features which are necessary for the definition of the claimed subject matter but which, in combination, are part of the most related prior art;
      (2) a characterizing portion: stating, in such words as "characterized in that..." or in similar expressions, the technical features of the invention or utility model, which distinguish it from the most related prior art. Those features, in combination with the features stated in the preamble portion, serve to define the scope of protection of the invention or utility model.
      Where the manner specified in the preceding paragraphs is not appropriate to be followed because of the nature of the invention or utility model, an independent claim may be presented in a different manner.
      An invention or utility model shall have only one independent claim, which shall precede all the dependent claims relating to the same invention or utility model.

Rule 23 Any dependent claim of an invention or utility model shall contain a reference portion and a characterizing portion, and be presented in the following manner:
      (l) a reference portion: indicating the serial number(s) of the claim(s) referred to, and the title of the subject matter;
      (2) a characterizing portion: stating the additional technical features of the invention or utility model.
      Any dependent claim shall only refer to the preceding claim or claims. Any multiple dependent claims, which refers to two or more claims, shall refer to the preceding one in the alternative only, and shall not serve as a basis for any other multiple dependent claims.

Rule 24 The abstract shall consist of a summary of the disclosure as contained in the application for patent for invention or utility model. The summary shall indicate the title of the invention or utility model, and the technical field to which the invention or utility model pertains, and shall be drafted in a way which allows the clear understanding of the technical problem, the gist of the technical solution of that problem, and the principal use or uses of the invention or utility model.
      The abstract may contain the chemical formula which best characterizes the invention. In an application for a patent which contains drawings, the applicant shall provide a figure which best characterizes the technical features of the invention or utility model. The scale and the distinctness of the figure shall be as such that a reproduction with a linear reduction in size to 4cm x 6cm would still enable all details to be clearly distinguished. The whole text of the abstract shall contain not more than 300 words. There shall be no commercial advertising in the abstract.

Rule 25 Where an invention for which a patent is applied for concerns a new biological material which is not available to the public and which cannot be described in the application in such a manner as to enable the invention to be carried out by a person skilled in the art, the applicant shall, in addition to the other requirements provided for in the Patent Law and these Implementing Regulations, go through the following formalities:
      (1) depositing a sample of the biological material with a depositary institution designated by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   before, or at the latest, on the date of filing (or the priority date where priority is claimed), and submit at the time of filing or at the latest, within four months from the filing date, a receipt of deposit and the viability proof from the depository institution; where they are not submitted within the specified time limit, the sample of the biological material shall be deemed not to have been deposited;
      (2) giving in the application document relevant information of the characteristics of the biological material;
      (3) indicating, where the application relates to the deposit of the biological material, in the request and the description the scientific name (with its Latin name) and the title and address of the depositary institution, the date on which the sample of the biological material was deposited and the accession number of the deposit; where, at the time of filing, they are not indicated, they shall be supplied within four months from the date of filing; where after the expiration of the time limit they are not supplied, the sample of the biological material shall be deemed not to have been deposited.

Rule 26 Where the applicant for a patent for invention has deposited a sample of the biological material in accordance with the provisions of Rule 25 of these Implementing Regulations, and after the application for patent for invention is published, any entity or individual that intends to make use of the biological material to which the application relates, for the purpose of experiment, shall make a request to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , containing the following items:
      (1) the name and address of the requesting person;
      (2) an undertaking not to make the biological material available to any other person;
      (3) an undertaking to use the biological material for experimental purpose only before the grant of the patent right.

Rule 27 The size of drawings or photographs of a design submitted in accordance with the provisions of Article 27 of the Patent Law shall not be smaller than 3cm x 8cm, nor larger than l5cm x 22cm.
      Where an application for a patent for design seeking concurrent protection of colors is filed, a drawing or photograph in color shall be submitted in two copies.
      The applicant shall, in respect of the subject matter of the product incorporating the design which is in need of protection, submit the relevant views and stereoscopic drawings or photographs, so as to clearly show the subject matter for which protection is sought.

Rule 28 Where an application for a patent for design is filed, a brief explanation of the design shall, when necessary, be made.
      The brief explanation of the design shall include the essential portion of the design, the colors for which protection is sought and the omission of the view of the product incorporating the design. The brief explanation shall not contain any commercial advertising and shall not be used to indicate the function of the product.

Rule 29 Where the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   deems necessary, it may require the applicant for a patent for design to submit a sample or model of the product incorporating the design. The volume of the sample or model submitted shall not exceed 30cm x 30cm x 30cm, and its weight shall not surpass l5 kilograms. Articles that are easy to get rotten or broken or articles that are dangerous shall not be submitted as sample or model.

Rule 30 The existing technology referred to in Article 22, paragraph three of the Patent Law means any technology which has been publicly disclosed in publications in the country or abroad, or has been publicly used or made known to the public by any other means in the country, before the date of filing (or the priority date where priority is claimed), that is, prior art.

Rule 3l The academic or technological meeting referred to in Article 24, subparagraph (2) of the Patent Law means any academic or technological meeting organized by a competent department concerned of the State Council or by a national academic or technological association.
      Where any invention-creation for which a patent is applied falls under the provisions of Article 24, subparagraph (l) or (2) of the Patent Law, the applicant shall, when filing the application, make a declaration and, within a time limit of two months from the date of filing, submit certifying documents issued by the entity which organized the international exhibition or academic or technological meeting, stating the fact that the invention-creation was exhibited or published and with the date of its exhibition or publication.
      Where any invention-creation for which a patent is applied falls under the provisions of Article 24, subparagraph (3) of the Patent Law, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   may, when it deems necessary, require the applicant to submit the relevant certifying documents within the specified time limit.
      Where the applicant fails to make a declaration and submit certifying documents as required in paragraph two of this Rule, or fails to submit certifying documents within the specified time limit as required in paragraph three of this Rule, the provisions of Article 24 of the Patent Law shall not apply to the application.

Rule 32 Where any applicant goes through the formalities of claims priority in accordance with the provisions of Article 30 of the Patent Law, he or it shall, in his or its written declaration, indicate the date and the number of the application which was first filed (hereinafter referred to as the earlier application) and the country in which the application was filed. If the written declaration does not contain the filing date of the earlier application and the name of the country in which the application was filed, the declaration shall be deemed not to have been made.
      Where the foreign priority is claimed, the copy of the earlier application documents submitted by the applicant shall be certified by the competent authority of the foreign country in which the application was filed. Where in the certifying material submitted, the name of the earlier applicant is not the same as that of the later one, the applicant shall submit document certifying the assignment of priority. Where the domestic priority is claimed, the copy of the earlier application document shall be prepared by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  .

Rule 33 An applicant may claim one or more priorities for an application for a patent; where multiple priorities are claimed, the priority period for the application shall be calculated from the earliest priority date.
      Where an applicant claims the right of domestic priority, if the earlier application is one for a patent for invention, he or it may file an application for a patent for invention or utility model for the same subject matter; if the earlier application is one for a patent for utility model, he or it may file an application for a patent for utility model or invention for the same subject matter. However, when the later application is filed, if the subject matter of the earlier application falls under any of the following, it may not be taken as the basis for claiming domestic priority:
      (1) where the applicant has claimed foreign or domestic priority;
      (2) where it has been granted a patent right;
      (3) where it is the subject matter of a divisional application filed as prescribed.
      Where the domestic priority is claimed, the earlier application shall be deemed to be withdrawn from the date on which the later application is filed.

Rule 34 Where an application for a patent is filed or the right of foreign priority is claimed by an applicant having no habitual residence or business office in China, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   may, when it deems necessary, require the applicant to submit the following documents:
      (1) a certificate concerning the nationality of the applicant;
      (2) a document certifying the seat of the business office or the headquarters, if the applicant is an enterprise or other organization;
      (3) a document certifying that the country, to which the foreigner, foreign enterprise or other foreign organization belongs, recognizes that Chinese entities and individuals are, under the same conditions as those applied to its nationals, entitled to the patent right, the right of priority and other related rights in that country.

Rule 35 Two or more inventions or utility models belonging to a single general inventive concept which may be filed as one application in accordance with the provision of Article 3l, paragraph one of the Patent Law shall be technically inter-related and contain one or more of the same or corresponding special technical features. The expression "special technical features" shall mean those technical features that define a contribution which each of those inventions or utility models, considered as a whole, makes over the prior art.

Rule 36 The expression "the same class" referred to in Article 3l, paragraph two of the Patent Law means that the product incorporating the designs belongs to the same subclass in the classification of products for designs. The expression "be sold or used in sets" means that the products incorporating the designs have the same designing concept and are customarily sold and used at the same time.
      Where two or more designs are filed as one application in accordance with the provision of Article 3l, paragraph two of the Patent Law, they shall be numbered consecutively and the numbers shall precede the titles of the view of the product incorporating the design.

 Rule 37 When withdrawing an application for a patent, the applicant shall submit to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   a declaration to that effect stating the title of the invention-creation, the filing number and the date of filing.
      Where a declaration to withdraw an application for a patent is submitted after the preparations for the publication of the application document has been completed by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , the application document shall be published as scheduled. However, the declaration withdrawing the application for patent shall be published in the next issue of the Patent Gazette.

Chapter III Examination and Approval of Application for Patent

Rule 38 Where any of the following events occurs, a person who makes examination or hears a case in the procedures of preliminary examination, examination as to substance, reexamination or invalidation shall, on his own initiative or upon the request of the parties concerned or any other interested person, be excluded from excising his function:
      (1) where he is a near relative of the party concerned or the agent of the party concerned;
      (2) where he has an interest in the application for patent or the patent right;
      (3) where he has any other kinds of relations with the party concerned or with the  agent of the party concerned that may influence impartial examination and hearing.
      (4) where a member of the Patent Reexamination Board who has taken part in the examination of the same application.

Rule 39 Upon the receipt of an application for a patent for invention or utility model consisting of a request, a description (drawings must be included in an application for utility model) and one or more claims, or an application for a patent for design consisting of a request and one or more drawings or photographs showing the design, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall accord the date of filing, issue a filing number, and notify the applicant.

Rule 40 In any of the following circumstances, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall refuse to accept the application and notify the applicant accordingly:
      (1) where the application for a patent for invention or utility model does not contain a request, a description (the description of utility model does not contain drawings) or claims, or the application for a patent for design does not contain a request, drawings or photographs;
      (2) where the application is not written in Chinese;
      (3) where the application is not in conformity with the provisions of Rule120, paragraph one of these Implementing Regulations;
      (4) where the request does not contain the name and address of the applicant;
      (5) where the application is obviously not in conformity with the provisions of Article 18, or of Article l9, paragraph one of the Patent Law;
      (6) where the kind of protection (patent for invention, utility model or design) of the application for a patent is not clear and definite or cannot be ascertained.

Rule 41 Where the description states that it contains explanatory notes to the drawings but the drawings or part of them are missing, the applicant shall, within the time limit specified by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , either furnish the drawings or make a declaration for the deletion of the explanatory notes to the drawings. If the drawings are submitted later, the date of their delivery at, or mailing to, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall be the date of filing of the application; if the explanatory notes to the drawings are to be deleted, the initial date of filing shall be retained.

Rule 42 Where an application for a patent contains two or more inventions, utility models or designs, the applicant may, before the expiration of the time limit provided for in Rule 54, paragraph one of these Implementing Regulations, submit to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   a divisional application. However, where an application for patent has been rejected, withdrawn or is deemed to have been withdrawn, no divisional application may be filed.
      If the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   finds that an application for a patent is not in conformity with the provisions of Article 3l of the Patent Law or of Rule 35 or 36 of these Implementing Regulations, it shall invite the applicant to amend the application within a specified time limit; if the applicant fails to make any response after the expiration of the specified time limit, the application shall be deemed to have been withdrawn.
      The divisional application may not change the kind of protection of the initial application.

Rule 43 A divisional application filed in accordance with the provisions of Rule 42 of these Implementing Regulations shall be entitled to the filing date and, if  priority is claimed, the priority date of the initial application, provided that the divisional application does not go beyond the scope of disclosure contained in the initial application.
      The divisional application shall go through all the formalities in accordance with the provisions of the Patent Law and these Implementing Regulations.
      The filing number and the date of filing of the initial application shall be indicated in the request of the divisional application. When the divisional application is filed, it shall be accompanied by a copy of the initial application; if priority is claimed for the initial application, a copy of the priority document of the initial application shall also be submitted.

Rule 44  "Preliminary examination" referred to in Articles 34 and 40 of the Patent Law means the check of an application for a patent to see whether or not it contains the documents as provided for in Articles 26 or 27 of the Patent Law and other necessary documents, and whether or not those documents are in the prescribed form; such check shall also include the following:
      (1) whether or not any application for a patent for invention obviously falls under Articles 5 or 25 of the Patent Law, or is not in conformity with the provisions of Article l8 or of Article l9, paragraph one of the Patent Law, or is obviously not in conformity with the provisions of Article 3l, paragraph one, or Article 33 of the Patent Law, or of Rule 2, paragraph one, or Rule 18, or Rule 20 of these Implementing Regulations;
      (2) whether or not any application for a patent for utility model obviously falls under Article 5 or 25 of the Patent Law, or is not in conformity with the provisions of Article l8 or of Article l9, paragraph one of the Patent Law, or is obviously not in conformity with the provisions of Article 26, paragraph three or four, or of Article 3l, paragraph one, or of Article 33 of the Patent Law, or of Rule 2, paragraph two, or of Rule l3, paragraph one, or of Rule l8 to 23, or of Rule 43, paragraph one of these Implementing Regulations, or is not entitled to a patent right in accordance with the provisions of Article 9 of the Patent Law;
      (3) whether or not any application for a patent for design obviously falls under Article 5 of the Patent Law, or is not in conformity with the provisions of Article l8 or of Article l9, paragraph one of the Patent Law, or is obviously not in conformity with the provisions of Article 3l, paragraph two, or of Article 33 of the Patent Law, or of Rule 2, paragraph three, or of Rule l3, paragraph one, or of Rule 43, paragraph one of these Implementing Regulations, or is not entitled to a patent right in accordance with the provisions of Article 9 of the Patent Law.
      The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall notify the applicant of its opinions after checking his or its application and invite him or it to state his or its observations or to correct his or its application within the specified time limit. If the applicant fails to make any response within the specified time limit, the application shall be deemed to have been withdrawn. Where, after the applicant has made his or its observations or the corrections, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   still finds that the application is not in conformity with the provisions of the Articles and the Rules cited in the preceding subparagraphs, the application shall be rejected.

Rule 45 Apart from the application for patent, any document relating to the patent application which is submitted to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , shall, in any of the following circumstances, be deemed not to have been submitted:
      (1) where the document is not presented in the prescribed form or the indications therein are not in conformity with the prescriptions;
      (2) where no certifying document is submitted as prescribed.
      The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall notify the applicant of its opinion after checking that the document is deemed not to have been submitted.

Rule 46 Where the applicant requests an earlier publication of its or his application for a patent for invention, a statement shall be made to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  . The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall, after preliminary examination of the application, publish it immediately, unless it is to be rejected.

Rule 47 The applicant shall, when indicating in accordance with Article 27 of the Patent Law the product incorporating the design and the class to which that product belongs, refer to the classification of products for designs published by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  . Where no indication, or an incorrect indication, of the class to which the product incorporating the design belongs is made, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall supply the indication or correct it.

Rule 48 Any person may, from the date of publication of an application for a patent for invention till the date of announcing the grant of the patent right, submit to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   his observations, with  reasons therefor, on the application which is not in conformity with the provisions of the Patent Law.

Rule 49 Where the applicant for a patent for invention cannot furnish, for justified reasons, the documents concerning any search or results of any examination specified in Article 36 of the Patent Law, it or he shall make a statement to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   and submit them when the said documents are available.

Rule 50 The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall, when proceeding on its own initiative to examine an application for a patent in accordance with the provisions of Article 35, paragraph two of the Patent Law, notify the applicant accordingly.

Rule 5l When a request for examination as to substance is made, and that, within the time limit of three months after the receipt of the notification of the Patent Administration Department under the State Council, the application has entered into examination as to substance, the applicant for a patent for invention may amend the application for a patent for invention on its or his own initiative.
      Within two months from the date of filing, the applicant for a patent for utility model or design may amend the application for a patent for utility model or design on its or his own initiative.
      Where the applicant amends the application after receiving the notification of opinions of the examination as to substance of the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , he or it shall make the amendment as required by the notification.
      The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   may, on its own initiative, correct the obvious clerical mistakes and symbol mistakes in the documents of application for a patent. Where the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   corrects mistakes on its own initiative, it shall notify the applicant.

Rule 52 When an amendment to the description or the claims in an application for a patent for invention or utility model is made, a replacement sheet in prescribed form shall be submitted, unless the amendment concerns only the alteration, insertion or deletion of a few words. Where an amendment to the drawings or photographs of an application for a patent for design is made, a replacement sheet shall be submitted as prescribed.

Rule 53 In accordance with the provisions of Article 38 of the Patent Law, the circumstances where an application for a patent for invention shall be rejected by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   after examination as to substance are as follows:
      (1) where the application does not comply with the provisions of Rule 2, paragraph one of these Implementing Regulations;
      (2) where the application falls under the provisions of Article 5 or 25 of the Patent Law, or it does not comply with the provisions of Article 22 of the Patent Law or of Rule l3, paragraph one, or of Rule 20, paragraph one, or of Rule 21, paragraph two of these Implementing Regulations, or the applicant is not entitled to a patent right in accordance with the provisions of Article 9 of the Patent Law;
      (3) where the application does not comply with the provisions of Article 26, paragraph three or four, or of Article 3l, paragraph one of the Patent Law;
      (4) where the amendment to the application does not comply with the provisions of Article 33 of the Patent Law, or the divisional application does not comply with the provisions of Rule 43, paragraph one of these Implementing Regulations.

Rule 54 After the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   issues the notification to grant the patent right, the applicant shall go through the formalities of registration within two months from the date of receipt of the notification. If the applicant completes the formalities of registration within the said time limit, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall grant the patent right, issue the patent certificate and announce it.
      If the applicant does not go through the formalities of registration within the time limit, he or it shall be deemed to have abandoned its or his right to obtain the patent right.

Rule 55 After the announcement of the decision to grant a patent for utility model, the patentee of the said patent for utility model may request the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   to make a search report on the utility model patent.
      Where such person requests for a search report on a utility model patent, he shall submit a request, indicating the patent number of the said patent for utility model. Each request shall be limited for one patent for utility model.
      After receiving a request for a search report on a utility model patent, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall proceed to make an examination of the request. Where the request does not comply with the requirements as prescribed, the said department shall notify the requesting person to amend the request within a specified time limit.

Rule 56 Where, after examination, the request for a search report on a utility model patent complies with the provisions, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall promptly make a search report on the utility model patent.
      Where the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   finds, after search, that the patent for utility model concerned does not comply with the provisions of Article 22 of the Patent Law concerning novelty or inventiveness, it shall cite the documents considered to be relevant, state the reasons therefor and send the copies of the cited relevant documents together with the report.

Rule 57 The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall correct promptly the mistakes in the patent announcements and documents issued by it once they are discovered, and the corrections shall be announced.

Chapter IV Reexamination of Patent Application and Invalidation of Patent Right

Rule 58 The Patent Reexamination Board shall consist of technical and legal experts appointed by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  . The person responsible for the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall be the Director of the Board.

Rule 59 Where the applicant requests the Patent Reexamination Board to make a reexamination in accordance with the provisions of Article 41 of the Patent Law, it or he shall file a request for reexamination, state the reasons and,  when necessary, attach the relevant supporting documents.
      Where the request for reexamination does not comply with the prescribed form, the person making the request shall rectify it within the time limit fixed by the Patent Reexamination Board. If the requesting person fails to meet the time limit for making rectification, the request for reexamination shall be deemed not to have been filed.

Rule 60 The person making the request may amend its or his application at the time when it or he requests reexamination or makes responses to the notification of reexamination of the Patent Reexamination Board. However, the amendments shall be limited only to remove the defects pointed out in the decision of rejection of the application, or in the notification of reexamination.
      The amendments to the application for patent shall be in two copies.

Rule 61 The Patent Reexamination Board shall remit the request for reexamination which the Board has received to the examination department of the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   which has made the examination of the application concerned to make an examination. Where that examination department agrees to revoke its former decision upon the request of the person requesting reexamination, the Patent Reexamination Board shall make a decision accordingly and notify the requesting person.

Rule 62 Where, after reexamination, the Patent Reexamination Board finds that the request does not comply with the provisions of the Patent Law and these Implementing Regulations, it shall invite the person requesting reexamination to submit his observations within a specified time limit. If the time limit for making response is not met, the request for reexamination shall be deemed to have been withdrawn. Where, after the requesting person has made its observations and amendments, the Patent Reexamination Board still finds that the request does not comply with the provisions of the Patent Law and these Implementing Regulations, it shall make a decision of reexamination to maintain the earlier decision rejecting the application.
      Where, after reexamination, the Patent Reexamination Board finds that the decision rejecting the application does not comply with the provisions of the Patent Law and these Implementing Regulations, or that the amended application has removed the defects as pointed out by the decision rejecting the application, it shall make a decision to revoke the decision rejecting the application, and ask the examination department which has made the examination to continue the examination procedure.

Rule 63 At any time before the Patent Reexamination Board makes its decision on the request for reexamination, the requesting person may withdraw his request for reexamination.
      Where the requesting person withdraws his request for reexamination before the Patent Reexamination Board makes its decision, the procedure of reexamination is terminated.

Rule 64 Anyone requesting invalidation or part invalidation of a patent right in accordance with the provisions of Article 45 of the Patent Law shall submit a request and the necessary evidence in two copies. The request for invalidation shall state in detail the grounds for filing the request, making reference to all the evidence as submitted, and indicate the piece of evidence on which each ground is based.
      The grounds on which the request for invalidation is based, referred to in the preceding paragraph, mean that the invention-creation for which the patent right is granted does not comply with the provisions of Article 22, Article 23, or of Article 26, paragraph three or four, or of Article 33 of the Patent Law, or of Rule 2, or of Rule l3, paragraph one, or of Rule 20, paragraph one, or of Rule 21, paragraph two of these Implementing Regulations; or the invention-creation falls under the provisions of Articles 5 or 25 of the Patent Law; or the applicant is not entitled to be granted the patent right in accordance with the provisions of Article 9 of the Patent Law.

Rule 65 Where the request for invalidation does not comply with the provisions of Rule 64 of these Implementing Regulations, the Patent Reexamination Board shall not accept it.
      Where, after a decision on any request for invalidation of the patent right is made, invalidation based on the same facts and evidence is requested once again, the Patent Reexamination Board shall not accept it.
      Where a request for invalidation of a patent for design is based on the ground that the patent for design is in conflict with a prior right of another person, but no effective ruling or judgement is submitted to prove such conflict of rights , the Patent Reexamination Board shall not accept it.
      Where the request for invalidation of the patent right does not comply with the prescribed form, the person making the request shall rectify it within the time limit specified by the Patent Reexamination Board. If the rectification fails to be made within the time limit, the request for invalidation shall be deemed not to have been made.

Rule 66 After a request for invalidation is accepted by the Patent Reexamination Board, the person making the request may add reasons or supplement evidence within one month from the date when the request for invalidation is filed.  Additional reasons or evidence which are submitted after the specified time limit may be disregarded by the Patent Reexamination Board.

Rule 67 The Patent Reexamination Board shall send a copy of the request for invalidation of the patent right and copies of the relevant documents to the patentee and invite it or him to present its or his observations within a specified time limit.
      The patentee and the person making request for invalidation shall, within the specified time limit, make responses to the notification concerning transmitted documents or the notification concerning the examination of the request for invalidation sent by the Patent Reexamination Board. Where no response is made within the specified time limit, the examination of the Patent Reexamination Board will not be affected.

Rule 68 In the course of the examination of the request for invalidation, the patentee for the patent for invention or utility model concerned may amend its or his claims, but may not broaden the scope of patent protection.
      The patentee for the patent for invention or utility model concerned may not amend its or his description or drawings. The patentee for the patent for design concerned may not amend its or his drawings, photographs or the brief explanation of the design.

Rule 69 The Patent Reexamination Board may, at the request of the parties concerned or in accordance with the needs of the case, decide to hold an oral procedure in respect of a request for invalidation.
      Where the Patent Reexamination Board decides to hold an oral procedure in respect of a request for invalidation, it shall send notifications to the parties concerned, indicating the date and place of the oral procedure to be held. The parties concerned shall make response to the notification within the specified time limit.
      Where the person requesting invalidation fails to make response to the notification of the oral procedure sent by the Patent Reexamination Board within the specified time limit, and fails to take part in the oral procedure, the request for invalidation shall be deemed to have been withdrawn. Where the patentee fails to take part in the oral procedure, the Patent Reexamination Board may proceed to examine by default.

Rule 70 In the course of the examination of a request for invalidation, the time limit specified by the Patent Reexamination Board shall not be extended.

Rule 71 The person requesting invalidation may withdraw his request before the Patent Reexamination Board makes a decision on it.
      Where the person requesting invalidation withdraws his request before the Patent Reexamination Board makes a decision on it, the examination of the request for invalidation is terminated.

Chapter V Compulsory License for Exploitation of Patent

Rule 72 After the expiration of three years from the date of the grant of the patent right, any entity may, in accordance with the provisions of Article 48 of the Patent Law, request the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   to grant a compulsory license.
      Any entity requesting a compulsory license shall submit to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   a request for compulsory license, state the reasons therefor, and attach relevant certifying documents each in two copies.
      The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall send a copy of the request for compulsory license to the patentee, who shall make his or its observations within the time limit specified by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  . Where no response is made within the time limit, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   will not be affected in making a decision concerning a compulsory license.
      The decision of the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   granting a compulsory license for exploitation shall limit the exploitation of the compulsory license to be predominately for the supply of the domestic market. Where the invention-creation involved in the compulsory license relates to the semi-conductor technology, the exploitation of the compulsory license shall be limited only for public non-commercial use or to remedy a practice determined after judicial or administrative process to be anti-competitive.

Rule 73 Where any entity or individual requests, in accordance with the provisions of Article 54 of the Patent Law, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   to adjudicate the fees for exploitation, it or he shall submit a request for adjudication and furnish documents showing that the parties concerned have not been able to conclude an agreement in respect of the amount of the exploitation fee. The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall make an adjudication within three months from the date of receipt of the request and notify the parties concerned accordingly.

Chapter VI Reward and Remuneration of Inventors or Creators of Service Inventions-Creations

Rule 74 The State-owned enterprise or institution to which a patent right is granted shall, within three months from the date of the announcement of the grant of the patent right, award to the inventor or creator of a service invention-creation a sum of money as prize. The sum of money prize for a patent for invention shall not be less than RMB 2000 yuan; the sum of money prize for a patent for utility model or design shall not be less than RMB 500 yuan.
      Where an invention-creation is made on the basis of an inventor's or creator's proposal adopted by the entity to which he belongs, the State-owned enterprise or institution to which a patent right is granted shall award to him a money prize on favorable terms.
      For the money prize awarded to the inventor or creator, the enterprise may have it included into its production cost, and the institution may have it disbursed out of its operating expenses.

Rule 75 The State-owned enterprise or institution to which a patent right is granted shall, after exploiting the patent for invention-creation within the duration of the patent right, draw each year from the profits after taxation earned from exploitation of the invention or utility model a percentage of not less than 2%, or from the profits after taxation earned from exploitation of the design a percentage of not less than 0.2%, and award it to the inventor or creator as remuneration. The entity may, as an alternative, by making reference to the said percentage, award a lump sum of money to the inventor or creator as remuneration once and for all.

Rule 76 Where any State-owned enterprise or institution to which a patent right is granted authorizes any other entity or individual to exploit its patent, it shall draw from the profits it receives for exploitation of the said patent after taxation a percentage of not less than 10% and award it to the inventor or creator as remuneration.

Rule 77 The provisions of this Chapter may be implemented by any other Chinese entity by making reference thereto.

Chapter VII Protection of Patent Right

Rule 78 The administrative authority for patent affairs referred to in the Patent Law and these Implementing Regulations means the department responsible for the administrative work concerning patent affairs set up by the people's government of any province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government, or by the people's government of any city which consists of districts, has a large amount of patent administration work to attend to and has the ability to deal with the matter.

Rule 79 In addition to the provisions of Article 57 of the Patent Law, the administrative authority for patent affairs may also mediate in the following patent disputes at the request of the parties concerned:
      (1) any dispute over the ownership of the right to apply for patent and the patent right;
      (2) any dispute over the qualification of the inventor or creator;
      (3) any dispute over the award and remuneration of the inventor or creator of a service invention-creation;
      (4) any dispute over the appropriate fee to be paid for the exploitation of an invention after the publication of the application for patent but before the grant of patent right.
      In respect of the dispute referred to in subparagraph (4), where the patentee requests the administrative authority for patent affairs to mediate, the request shall be made after the grant of the patent right.

Rule 80 The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall provide professional guidance to the administrative authorities for patent affairs in handling and mediating patent disputes.

Rule 81 Where any party concerned requests handling or mediation of a patent dispute, it shall fall under the jurisdiction of the administrative authority for patent affairs where the requested party has his location or where the act of infringement has taken place.
      Where two or more administrative authorities for patent affairs all have jurisdiction over a patent dispute, any party concerned may file his or its request with one of them to handle or mediate the matter. Where requests are filed with two or more administrative authorities for patent affairs, the administrative authority for patent affairs that first accepts the request shall have jurisdiction.
      Where administrative authorities for patent affairs have a dispute over their jurisdiction, the administrative authority for patent affairs of their common higher level people's government shall designate the administrative authority for patent affairs to exercise the jurisdiction; if there is no such administrative authority for patent affairs of their common higher level people's government, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall designate the administrative authority for patent affairs to exercise the jurisdiction.

Rule 82 Where, in the course of handling a patent infringement dispute, the defendant requests invalidation of the patent right and his request is accepted by the Patent Reexamination Board, he may request the administrative authority for patent affairs concerned to suspend the handling of the matter.
      If the administrative authority for patent affairs considers that the reasons set forth by the defendant for the suspension are obviously untenable, it may not suspend the handling of the matter..

Rule 83 Where any patentee affixes a patent marking on the patented product or on the package of that product in accordance with the provisions of Article 15 of the Patent Law, he or it shall make the affixation in the manner as prescribed by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  .

Rule 84 Any of the following is an act of passing off the patent of another person as one's own:
      (1) without authorization, indicating the patent number of another person on the product or on the package of that product made or sold by him or it;
      (2) without authorization, using the patent number of another person in the advertisement or in any other promotional materials of his or its product, so as to mislead other persons to regard the technology concerned as the patented technology of another person;
      (3) without authorization, using the patent number of another person in the contract entered into by him or it , so as to mislead other persons to regard the technology referred to in the contract as the patented technology of another person;
      (4) counterfeiting or transforming any patent certificate, patent document or patent application document of another person.

Rule 85 Any of the following is an act of passing a non-patented product off as patented product or passing a non-patented process off as patented process:
      (1) making or selling non-patented products which are affixed with patent marking;
      (2) continuing to affix patent marking on the products that are made or sold after the patent right concerned has been declared invalid;
      (3) passing any non-patented technology off as patented technology in the advertisements or in any other promotional materials;
      (4) stating any non-patented technology as patented technology in any contract entered into by him or it;
      (5) counterfeiting or transforming any patent certificate, patent document or patent application document.

Rule 86 Any party concerned to a dispute over the ownership of the right to apply for a patent or the patent right, which is pending before the administrative authority for patent affairs or the people's court, may request the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   to suspend the relevant procedures.
      Any party requesting the suspension of the relevant procedures in accordance with the preceding paragraph, shall submit a written request to the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , and attach a copy of the document acknowledging the receipt of the relevant request from the administrative authority for patent affairs or the people's court.
      After the decision made by the administrative authority for patent affairs or the judgment rendered by the people's court enters into force, the parties concerned shall request the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   to resume the suspended procedure. If, within one year from the date when the request for suspension is filed, no decision is made on the dispute relating to the ownership of the right to apply for a patent or the patent right, and it is necessary to continue the suspension, the party who or that the request shall, within the said time limit, request to extend the suspension. If, at the expiration of the said time limit, no such request for extension is filed, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall resume the procedure on its own initiative.

Rule 87 Where, in hearing civil cases, the people's court has ordered the adoption of measures for a patent right preservation, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council  , for the purpose of assisting the execution of the order, shall suspend the relevant procedure concerning the preserved patent right. At the expiration of the time limit for preservation, if there is no order of the people's court to continue the preservation, the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall resume the relevant procedure on its own initiative.

Chapter VIII   Patent Registration and Patent Gazette

Rule 88 The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall keep a Patent Register in which the registration of the following matters relating to patent application or patent right shall be made:
      (1) any grant of the patent right;
      (2) any transfer of the right of patent application or the patent right;
      (3) any pledge and preservation of the patent right and their discharge;
      (4) any patent license contract for exploitation submitted for the record;
      (5) any invalidation of the patent right;
      (6) any cessation of the patent right;
      (7) any restoration of the patent right;
      (8) any compulsory license for exploitation of the patent;
      (9) any change in the name, nationality and address of the patentee.

Rule 89 The Patent Administration Department under the State Council   shall publish the Patent Gazette at regular intervals, publishing or announcing the following:
      (1) the bibliographic data contained in patent applications;
      (2) the abstract of the description of an invention or utility model, the drawings or photographs of a design and its brief explanation;
      (3) any request for examination as to substance of an application for a patent for invention and any decision made by the Patent Administration Department under the State Council   to proceed on its own initiative to examine as to substance an application for a patent for invention;
      (4) any declassification of secret patents;
      (5) any rejection, withdrawal and deemed withdrawal of an application for a patent for invention after its publication;
      (6) any grant of the patent right;
      (7) any invalidation of the patent right;
      (8) any cessation of the patent right;
      (9) any